REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE Chapter 2
FACTORS AFFECTING COMPLIANCE AND NON-COMPLIANCE TO
FACILITY-BASED DELIVERY IN BARANGAY MAGDAUP,
MUNICIPALITY OF IPIL
CHAPTER II
REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE
Literature
Factors Affecting Compliance to Facility-Based
Delivery
Maternal mortality remains a
major global public health concern more than twenty years after the
International Safe Mother Initiative was launched. Each year 358,000 women die
worldwide from pregnancy – related causes, nearly all in Asia and Sub-Saharan
Africa, and many women die from obstetric complications (WHO 2010).
Several studies have been
conducted worldwide on the factors affecting delivery in health facilities and
following was observed, the issue of risk and vulnerability, such as lack of
money, lack of transport, sudden onset of labor, short labor, staff attitudes,
lack of privacy, geographical location, perception of poor quality of health
services, tradition, cultures and the process of decision-making power within
the household where perceived as key determinants of the place of delivery
(Mrisho et al 2007; Magoma 2010;Zulfiqur et al, 2009).
Although many efforts have
been done to reduced maternal death worldwide, more than half millions of women
die each year as the result of childbirth and complications of pregnancy
particularly Sub-Saharan Africa and Asia (WHO report 2005).
There are several reasons behind the
low use of professional services. In the study of Amooti – Kaguna & Nuwaha (2006)
in Uganda, a number of country- specific
studies have identified potential barriers to access which can lead to home
delivery, either unattended or with traditional birth attendants (TBAs) in the
home
The most common barriers
include; distance from the health facility, transportation problems, costs of
services, including stigma, fear, inability for women to travel alone, or to be
seen by male doctors (Amooti- Kaguna & Nuwaha,2006).
Another study reveals that involving
family members, such as their husband, or other community members, in the decision-making
process is important for women when seeking facility-based delivery services
(Shimazaki etal.,2013).
With respect to marital status, there is a
strong belief that women in unions are more likely to access maternal health
care services during their first trimester compared to those who are not. This
is because of the likelihood that married women are more likely to be supported
by their spouses, and are more likely to have disposable income required to
access maternal health services and are less to be autonomous (Ochako et
al.2011).
Health provider behavior and
attitudes are also determinant factor for a choice of place of delivery for
pregnant mother, some of the health workers are very rude, using abusive
language and refuse to assist patients, and these attitudes prevent the Women
to deliver in health facilities however positive attitudes of health workers
attract women to deliver in health facilities. For example in a study conducted
by Mrisho, one women during focused group discussion said when I went to the
health facility(X) for delivery, I was impressed by the midwife who cared for
me so much. She was so human, polite and sympathetic. (Mrisho et al 2008). This
encourages the women to deliver in health facilities. Improves skills and
knowledge among health providers and increase access of health services in
rural areas and will increase access to pregnant mother to deliver in facility
delivery.
Unreliable transport is also a
barrier to access skilled delivery in rural areas, failure to plan in advance
for transport cause higher number of women to deliver in their homes even if
they had planned to deliver in health facilities (Mrisho et al 2007, Magoma M
2010).
Economic stability has also been identified as
important in influencing maternal health care service utilization behavior of
women. For example, a study in more than 50 countries showed that on average
more than 80% of births were attended for the richest women compared with only
34% of the poorest women (Gill, Pande & Malhotra 2007). In Ethiopia, Dagne
(2010) also found on her study a statistically significant association between
household wealth and assistance during delivery with women in the rich and richest
wealth groups more likely to have professional assistance during birth (
Dagna,2010).
In the Philippines, according
to the 2008 National Demographic and Health Survey (NDHS), the proportion of
deliveries in a health facility among all births is 44.2% (NSO,2009). In
comparison with the previous surveys, the proportion went up from 34% in 1998
and 37.9% in 2003 (NSO,2006). Regional estimates are also available. The region
with the highest of health facility deliveries is the National Capital Region (NCR)
with 69.3% while the region with the lowest is the Autonomous Region of Muslim
(ARMM) with 14.7%.
In the country, the
preliminary results of the 2013 National Demographic and Health Survey (NDHS)
of the National Statistical Office (NSO) indicate some improvement in delivery
care. In particular, the findings unveil an increase in facility-based
deliveries and in births delivered by health professionals (NDHS,2013).
On the other hand, a recent
study in Pasig City found that 94% of women in the richest quintile delivered
with a skilled birth attendant, compared with 25% in the poorest; and 84% of women
in richest quintile had facility-based delivery, compared with 13% of the
poorest. (Pasig City &Washington: The World Bank, 2011).
In the Philippines, the study of Rogan (2013)
identifies a number of variables including urbanity, parity, age of the women,
and status as significant and independent predictors for the use of prenatal
care services. According to her, women in urban areas are 0.88 times more likely
to avail prenatal care services that their rural country part. Regarding
parity, the study revealed that there is little difference in the likelihood of
use of prenatal services among women. The oddsof having prenatal care decreases
as the number of children increases. On the other hand, women who are 15-19
years old are twice as likely to access maternal care as the 45 to 49 years old
women. (Rogan,2013).
Therefore we expect women with
more children to have lower levels of use of maternal health care services
because of the constraints of time and money. Also, greater use of maternal
health care services for first births may be attributed to higher risk of
complications (Majokoet al.2004).
THESIS ON FACTORS AFFECTING COMPLIANCE FACILITY-BASED DELIVERY
- Approval Sheet
- Abstract
- Acknowledgement
- Dedication
- Table Contents
- THE PROBLEM AND ITS SCOPE Background of the Study
- Chapter 1 Statement of the Problem
- Chapter 1 Hypothesis April 11, 2022
- Chapter 1 Significance of the Study
- Chapter 1 Scope and Delimitation of the Study
- CHAPTER 2 REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE Literature
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